Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Test

The Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Test measures the level of ADA enzyme in the blood or pleural fluid. ADA plays a role in the immune system and is primarily used to help diagnose tuberculosis (TB), particularly tuberculous pleuritis, which affects the lungs.

Why is the ADA Test Important?

• High ADA levels in pleural fluid suggest tuberculous pleuritis, a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
• It may also be elevated in peritoneal and pericardial TB, certain cancers, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
• The test is useful in diagnosing TB in cases where other tests (like sputum analysis) are inconclusive.

When is the Test Recommended?

• Patients with persistent fever, unexplained weight loss, chronic cough, chest pain, or fluid buildup around the lungs (pleural effusion).
• It is often performed along with TB culture, PCR, and imaging tests for a complete TB diagnosis.