Sputum AFB Stain

Sputum AFB (Acid-Fast Bacilli) Stain is a diagnostic test used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis (TB). This test involves staining a sputum sample and examining it under a microscope to identify acid-fast bacilli, which appear bright red against a blue background. It is a quick and cost-effective method for diagnosing pulmonary TB.

The Sputum AFB Stain test is primarily recommended for individuals showing symptoms of TB, such as chronic cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and coughing up blood. It helps detect active TB infection and assess the need for further confirmatory tests like GeneXpert or TB culture. The test is also useful for monitoring treatment response in TB patients.

A sputum sample is required, which is usually collected in the morning to ensure an adequate bacterial load. The test does not require fasting, making it convenient for patients. A positive result indicates the presence of TB bacteria, whereas a negative result does not always rule out the infection, as bacteria may be present in low numbers.

This test is suitable for all age groups, particularly those at high risk of TB, such as immunocompromised individuals or those in close contact with TB patients. Consulting a doctor is crucial for interpreting results and determining the appropriate treatment plan, which may include anti-tuberculosis medication.