Alpha Feto Protein (AFP)

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac during pregnancy. In adults, elevated AFP levels may indicate liver diseases, certain cancers, or fetal abnormalities during pregnancy. The AFP test is primarily used for diagnosing liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), monitoring liver disease, and screening for fetal health conditions in pregnant women.

This test is crucial for individuals at risk of liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B or C, cirrhosis, or those with a family history of liver cancer. In pregnant women, AFP testing is part of maternal screening to assess the risk of birth defects such as neural tube defects or Down syndrome.

A blood sample is collected, and fasting is not required. If AFP levels are high, further tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the underlying cause. However, elevated AFP does not always indicate cancer, as levels can also rise due to benign liver conditions or pregnancy-related factors.

This test is suitable for all age groups, particularly individuals with liver conditions or pregnant women undergoing prenatal screening. Since AFP levels alone are not diagnostic, consulting a doctor is essential for proper evaluation and further investigations if necessary. Early detection of liver diseases or fetal abnormalities can improve treatment outcomes and health management.