Serum Prolactin

Serum Prolactin

Serum prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, primarily responsible for lactation in females. It also plays a role in reproductive health, immune system regulation, and metabolism. The test measures the levels of prolactin in the blood, which can help diagnose conditions like hyperprolactinemia, pituitary disorders, and infertility.

Elevated prolactin levels may indicate pituitary tumors, hypothyroidism, or certain medications’ effects. Low levels are rare but could suggest pituitary dysfunction. The test is commonly prescribed for individuals experiencing irregular menstrual cycles, unexplained milk secretion (galactorrhea), or erectile dysfunction in males. It is crucial to follow pre-test guidelines for accurate results, including fasting and avoiding nipple stimulation, as these can temporarily increase prolactin levels. Doctors may recommend further tests, such as MRI scans, if abnormalities are detected.